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The Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is a body of independent experts that monitors and reports on implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child by governments that ratify the Convention.〔(Text of the Convention. )〕 The Committee also monitors implementation of the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (OP-AC)〔 〕 and the Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OP-SC). ==History and organization== The CRC is one of the eight UN human rights treaty bodies. The Committee was created by the Convention on 27 February 1991.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=www.humanium.org: Committee on the Rights of the Child - What it is and how it works )〕 The Committee is made up of 18 members from different countries and legal systems who are of 'high moral standing' and experts in the field of human rights. Although members are nominated and elected by States party to the Convention, Committee members act in a personal capacity. They do not represent their countries' governments or any other organization to which they might belong. Members are elected for a four-year term and can be re-elected if nominated. The 195 states that have ratified the Convention ("States party to the Convention") (which includes all UN member states except Somalia and the United States, South Sudan ratified on January 23, 2015) are required to submit initial and periodic reports on the national situation of children's rights to the Committee for examination. The Committee examines each report and raises concerns or makes recommendations to the State party. It also issues occasional general comments on the interpretation of particular Convention obligations. Once a year, the Committee submits a report to the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly, which also hears a statement from the CRC Chair, and the Assembly adopts a Resolution on the Rights of the Child.〔Child Rights Information Network (2008). (''Convention on the Rights of the Child'' ). Retrieved 26 November 2008.〕〔(Resolution on the Rights of the Child, 21 November 2012. )〕 The Committee cannot consider individual complaints, although child rights may be raised before other committees with competence to consider individual complaints.〔 (Human Rights Bodies - Complaints Procedures ) 〕 However, at least the case of Gendhun Choekyi Nyima, 11th Panchen Lama, was considered by the Committee on 28 May 1996, as well as at other later dates.〔(Gedhun Choekyi Nyima: the XIth Panchen Lama of Tibet ) website of TCHRD〕 In November 2014, for the first time, the Committee joined with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women to release a comprehensive interpretation of the obligations of States to prevent and eliminate harmful practices done to women and girls. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Committee on the Rights of the Child」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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